PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.